Republican
José-Antonio Aguirre, Basque regional president.
Manuel Azaña, war minister 1931; prime minister 1931–3, 1936; president of the Republic 1936–9.
Santiago Casares Quiroga, prime minister at the start of the Civil War.
Lieutenant José Castillo, police officer. Murdered July 1936.
Luis Companys, president of the Catalan regional government, the Generalitat, 1933–40.
Buenaventura Durruti, anarchist commander. Died November 1936.
Francisco Largo Caballero, socialist leader. Prime minister September 1936–May 1937.
General José Miaja, commander in defence of Madrid.
Dr Juan Negrín, finance minister 1936–7; prime minister May 1937–March 1939.
Andrés Nin, leader of the Marxist POUM party. Murdered 1937.
Indalecio Prieto, socialist leader. Defence minister May 1937–April 1938.
Major (later General) Vicente Rojo, negotiator at Toledo, chief of staff in Madrid.
Nationalist
José Calvo Sotelo, monarchist politician. Assassinated July 1936.
General Francisco Franco, leader of Nationalist movement from September 1936. Head of state until 1975.
José María Gil Robles, leader of the Catholic authoritarian CEDA coalition.
General Manuel Goded, leader of unsuccessful Nationalist rebellion in Barcelona. Executed July 1936.
General José Millán Astray, founder of the Spanish Foreign Legion. Friend and mentor to Franco.
General Emilio Mola, ‘director’ of the Nationalist rebellion. Died in plane crash 1937.
Colonel (later General) José Moscardó, defender of the Alcázar in Toledo.
José-Antonio Primo de Rivera, founder and leader of the Falange, Spanish fascist party. Executed November 1936.
General Gonzalo Queipo de Llano, ‘radio general’. Captured Seville for the Nationalists July 1936.
General José Sanjurjo, anti-Republican conspirator, titular head of Nationalist rebellion until death in plane crash in July 1936.
General Hugo von Sperrle, head of the German Condor Legion.
General José Varela, monarchist military commander under Franco.
Colonel Juan de Yagüe, Falangist military commander under Franco.
Others
Niceto Alcalá Zamora, first president of the Second Republic, December 1931–May 1936.
Alfonso XIII, King of Spain 1902–31.
Federico García Lorca, poet and playwright. Murdered August 1936.
Miguel de Unamuno, philosopher, rector of Salamanca University.